CPSC 2310 - DAY 5
AUGUST 26, 2016

================================================================================

random-access, one-dimensional memory (vs. sequential memories)

-stored program, no distinction between instructions and data

-binary, parallel by word, two's complement (vs. decimal, serial by digit,
sign magnitude)

-instruction fetch/execute cycle, branch by explicit change of PC (vs following
a link adress from one instruction to the next)

-memory contains series of bits grouped into addressable units

-data is accessed in memory by naming memory addresses (like a big array)

-addresses are consecutive binary integers (unsigned) this is convenient for
addressing arrays and sequentially stepping through the program

-bit strings have no inherent data type - can be integer,
character string, machine instructionk, or garbage - MACHINE DOESN'T KNOW
DATA TYPE!!!

VARIETIES OF PROCESSORS
-----------------------

1. stack machine - operands are on stack, push from memory/pop into memory

2. accumulator machine - as discussed earlier

3. load/store machine - computational instructions operate on general registers
and load/store instructions are only ones that access memory.

MAR - stores the addresses of data.  only tells addresses
MDR - handles I/O